In the context of special education, what is an Individualized Education Program (IEP)?

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An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a legal document specifically designed for students with disabilities that outlines their unique educational plan. The IEP is developed through a collaborative process involving educators, parents, and specialists, ensuring that the specific needs of the student are addressed. It includes the student’s present levels of academic achievement and functional performance, measurable annual goals, the special education and related services to be provided, and how the student will participate in general education classes. The IEP serves as a roadmap to ensure that the student receives appropriate accommodations and modifications necessary for their success in the educational setting. This tailored approach is critical in special education, as it ensures that each student's individual needs are met and that they have access to a free appropriate public education (FAPE) as mandated by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).